Ergoloid mesylates (USAN), co-dergocrine mesilate (BAN) or dihydroergotoxine mesylate, trade name Hydergine, is a mixture of the methanesulfonate salts of three dihydrogenated ergot alkaloids (dihydroergocristine, dihydroergocornine, and alpha- and beta-dihydroergocryptine). It was developed by Albert Hofmann (the inventor of LSD) for Sandoz (now part of Novartis). Ergoloid mesylates act centrally, decreasing vascular tone and slowing the heart rate, and acts peripherally to block alpha-receptors. One other possible mechanism is the effect of ergoloid mesylates on neuronal cell metabolism, resulting in improved oxygen uptake and cerebral metabolism, thereby normalizing depressed neurotransmitter levels. Ergoloid Mesylate may increase cerebral metabolism and blood flow. The role of this medication in the therapy of dementia is controversial. A recent controlled study in patients with Alzheimer's disease found that there was no advantage to the use of ergoloid mesylates compared to placebo, suggesting that ergoloid mesylates may lower scores on some cognitive and behavioral rating scales. Further study is needed to determine the risk-benefit profile of ergoloid mesylates in the treatment of dementia.

Retonol, also known as Vitamin A1, is a vitamin found in food and used as a dietary supplement. It is used to treat and prevent vitamin A deficiency. It is also used to prevent further issues in those who have measles. Retinol is used as a metabolic precursor of retinoic acid to treat skin-related conditions, such as cellulite, skin aging, photodamage.

It is known that Vitamin E, traditionally known as α¬ tocopherol, is a mixture of eight different compounds, four tocopherols and four tocotrienols, each one being designated as α, β, γ and δ forms. The two groups differ in the hydrophobic tridecyl side chain which is saturated (phytyl) in tocopherols and unsaturated having three double bonds (geranyl) in tocotrienols. During the last few years, it has been found that all the eight forms are biologically active and perform specific functions. Clinical research has shown that mixture of tocotrienols and tocopherols offer synergistic protective action against heart ailments and cancer that is not exclusively offered by α¬tocopherol. The other advantage of mixed tocopherols and tocotrienols is their role in slowing down aging. Diseases like diabetes 1 and 2, autoimmune diseases, bacterial and viral infections, Alzheimer disease, fungal (Candida) infections are prevented by these compounds. It helps in the maintenance of bones, muscles, eyes (vision), memory, sleep, lungs, infertility, skin and wrinkles. Although all forms of Vitamin E exhibit antioxidant activity, it is known that the antioxidant activity of vitamin E is not sufficient to explain the vitamin's biological activity. Vitamin E's anti-atherogenic activity involves the inhibition of the oxidation of LDL and the accumulation of oxLDL in the arterial wall. Vitamin E's antithrombotic and anticoagulant activities involves the downregulation of the expression of intracellular cell adhesion molecule(ICAM)-1 and vascular cell adhesion molecule(VCAM)-1 that lowers the adhesion of blood components to the endothelium. Its antioxidant effects explain the neuroprotective effects of vitamin E. The immunomodulatory effects of Vitamin E have been demonstrated in vitro, where alpha-tocopherol increases mitogenic response of T lymphocytes from aged mice. The mechanism of this response by vitamin E is not well understood, however it has been suggested that vitamin E itself may have mitogenic activity independent of its antioxidant activity. The mechanism of action of vitamin E's antiviral effects (primarily against HIV-1) involves its antioxidant activity. Vitamin E reduces oxidative stress, which is thought to contribute to HIV-1 pathogenesis, as well as to the pathogenesis of other viral infections. Vitamin E also affects membrane integrity and fluidity and, since HIV-1 is a membraned virus, altering membrane fluidity of HIV-1 may interfere with its ability to bind to cell-receptor sites, thus decreasing its infectivity.

It is known that Vitamin E, traditionally known as α¬ tocopherol, is a mixture of eight different compounds, four tocopherols and four tocotrienols, each one being designated as α, β, γ and δ forms. The two groups differ in the hydrophobic tridecyl side chain which is saturated (phytyl) in tocopherols and unsaturated having three double bonds (geranyl) in tocotrienols. During the last few years, it has been found that all the eight forms are biologically active and perform specific functions. Clinical research has shown that mixture of tocotrienols and tocopherols offer synergistic protective action against heart ailments and cancer that is not exclusively offered by α¬tocopherol. The other advantage of mixed tocopherols and tocotrienols is their role in slowing down aging. Diseases like diabetes 1 and 2, autoimmune diseases, bacterial and viral infections, Alzheimer disease, fungal (Candida) infections are prevented by these compounds. It helps in the maintenance of bones, muscles, eyes (vision), memory, sleep, lungs, infertility, skin and wrinkles. Although all forms of Vitamin E exhibit antioxidant activity, it is known that the antioxidant activity of vitamin E is not sufficient to explain the vitamin's biological activity. Vitamin E's anti-atherogenic activity involves the inhibition of the oxidation of LDL and the accumulation of oxLDL in the arterial wall. Vitamin E's antithrombotic and anticoagulant activities involves the downregulation of the expression of intracellular cell adhesion molecule(ICAM)-1 and vascular cell adhesion molecule(VCAM)-1 that lowers the adhesion of blood components to the endothelium. Its antioxidant effects explain the neuroprotective effects of vitamin E. The immunomodulatory effects of Vitamin E have been demonstrated in vitro, where alpha-tocopherol increases mitogenic response of T lymphocytes from aged mice. The mechanism of this response by vitamin E is not well understood, however it has been suggested that vitamin E itself may have mitogenic activity independent of its antioxidant activity. The mechanism of action of vitamin E's antiviral effects (primarily against HIV-1) involves its antioxidant activity. Vitamin E reduces oxidative stress, which is thought to contribute to HIV-1 pathogenesis, as well as to the pathogenesis of other viral infections. Vitamin E also affects membrane integrity and fluidity and, since HIV-1 is a membraned virus, altering membrane fluidity of HIV-1 may interfere with its ability to bind to cell-receptor sites, thus decreasing its infectivity.